(1) Bayyani da Ci gaban Ci gaban Masana'antar Kayayyakin Jirgin Ruwa ta Duniya
①Tare da sabbin fasahohi a cikin masana'antar jigilar kayayyaki ta duniya, kasuwar kayan aikin jigilar dogo ta duniya ta nuna haɓakar haɓaka mai ƙarfi.
A cikin al'umma a yau, tare da ci gaban tattalin arzikin zamantakewa cikin sauri, matsaloli irin su karancin albarkatun kasa da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa sun yi fice, wanda ke haifar da rashin isasshen fasinja da sufurin kaya, cunkoson ababen hawa, hayaki da hayaniya, da sauƙi da amincin sufurin jama'a. , wanda ake ƙara kulawa.Don haka, kasashe a duniya sun dauki samar da sabbin hanyoyin zirga-zirgar jiragen kasa lafiya, inganci, kore, masu hankali a matsayin jagorar ci gaban zirga-zirgar jama'a a nan gaba, yanayin ci gaba kuma ya tashi daga yanayin gargajiya zuwa hanyar haɗin gwiwa, mai dorewa, da kuma dorewa. multimodal sufuri ci gaban.Wani sabon salo na fasahar kere-kere, wanda cibiyoyin sadarwa ke wakilta, masana'antu na fasaha, sabbin makamashi, da sabbin kayayyaki, na kunno kai a duniya, kuma filin na'urorin jigilar dogo na duniya yana haifar da sabon salo na kowane zagaye.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da sabbin fasahohi a cikin masana'antar jigilar kayayyaki ta duniya, kasuwar kayan aikin jigilar dogo ta duniya ta nuna haɓakar haɓaka mai ƙarfi.Ƙarfin kasuwannin duniya a cikin 2010 ya kasance Yuro biliyan 131, ya kai Yuro biliyan 162 a cikin 2014. Ana sa ran karfin kasuwar zai wuce Yuro biliyan 190 nan da 2018, tare da haɓakar haɓakar shekara-shekara na 3.4%.
Girman Kasuwar Kayan Wuta ta Duniya daga 2010 zuwa 2018 (Yuro miliyan 100)
②Oligopolies sun samu bunkasuwa a kasuwar kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa ta duniya, inda wuraren ajiye motoci na kasar Sin ke matsayi na farko
A bikin baje kolin jiragen kasa da aka fi sani da duniya (Innotrans2016), martabar 2015 na kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki na duniya ya dogara ne akan kudaden da aka samu na tallace-tallacen sabbin motoci da motocin da kamfanonin kera kayan sufurin dogo suka yi.CRRC a matsayi na farko tare da kudaden shiga na tallace-tallace da ya wuce Yuro biliyan 22, babu shakka a matsayi na farko a masana'antar sufurin jiragen kasa ta duniya, kuma kudaden tallace-tallacen da ta samu a 2015 ya fi na Kanada Bombardier Haɗin kuɗin tallace-tallace na Alstom daga Faransa, a matsayi na uku, da Siemens daga Jamus, wacce ke matsayi na hudu, ita ce 14. Oligopoly wanda CRRC ke jagoranta a kasuwar kayan aikin jigilar dogo ta duniya ta samu.Rahoton na CRRC na shekarar 2016 ya nuna cewa, CRRC ta samu kudin shiga da ya kai kusan yuan biliyan 229.7 a shekarar 2016, daga cikin kayayyakin aikin layin dogo, da layin dogo, da na birane da suka kai kimanin yuan biliyan 134, wanda ya kai kashi 58.35%;A shekarar 2016, an samu sabbin umarni da yawansu ya kai yuan biliyan 262.6 (ciki har da kusan dalar Amurka biliyan 8.1 a cikin kwangilolin kasuwanci na kasa da kasa, an samu karuwar kashi 40 cikin dari a duk shekara, da yuan biliyan 188.1 a hannu a karshen wannan lokacin.Ana sa ran CRRC za ta ci gaba da karfafa matsayinta a matsayin ta daya a duniya wajen samar da kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa a duniya.
(2) Bayyani da ci gaban masana'antar sarrafa kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa ta kasar Sin
①Masana'antar kera kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa ta zama daya daga cikin manyan fa'ida a fagen kera kayan aiki masu inganci a kasar Sin, kuma wani muhimmin karfi ne na bunkasa masana'antu masu tasowa cikin sauri na kasar Sin.
Bayan fiye da shekaru 60 na ci gaba, masana'antar kera kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa ta kasar Sin sun kafa wani bincike mai zaman kansa, da ci gaba mai zaman kansa, da cikakkun kayayyakin tallafi, da na'urori masu inganci, da kuma gudanar da manyan ayyuka na tsarin kera na'urorin zirga-zirgar jiragen kasa da ke hade da bincike da raya kasa, zane, kera kayayyaki. , gwaji, da sabis.Ya hada da lantarki locomotives, dizal locomotives, mahara raka'a, Railway fasinja motoci, Railway kaya motoci, birane dogo motocin, key sassa na locomotives da motoci, sigina kayan aiki, gogayya samar da wutar lantarki kayan aiki A cikin shekaru goma da suka wuce, tare da ci gaban high-gudun. ayyuka masu nauyi, masu dacewa, da hanyoyin fasaha masu dacewa da muhalli, raka'a masu yawa masu sauri da manyan locomotives sun sami nasarori masu ban mamaki a cikin tsarin masana'antu na 10 masu sana'a irin su kayan aikin injiniya da kayan aiki.Masana'antar kera kayan aikin sufurin dogo ta kasar Sin wani wakilci ne na kirkire-kirkire, da sauye-sauye na fasaha, da karfafa tushe, da ci gaban kore.Yana daya daga cikin masana'antu mafi girman matakin kirkire-kirkire masu zaman kansu, mafi karfin gasa na kirkire-kirkire na kasa da kasa, da tasirin tuki na masana'antu a fannin kera kayan aiki masu tsayi na kasar Sin.Ya zama babban fa'idar fa'ida ta babban filin kera kayan aiki na kasar Sin a kasuwar kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa ta duniya, Yana da muhimmin karfi wajen saurin bunkasuwar masana'antu masu tasowa a kasar Sin.
②Sakamakon sau biyu na goyon bayan manufofi da buƙatun kasuwa suna haɓaka saurin bunƙasa masana'antar kayan aikin jigilar dogo ta kasar Sin, tare da sararin kasuwa.
Kayan aikin jigilar dogo wani muhimmin wakilci ne na manyan kayan aikin China da ke gudana a duniya."Made in China 2025" da majalisar gudanarwar kasar ta fitar a shekarar 2015 a fili ta ba da shawarar aiwatar da manyan ayyuka guda biyar, ciki har da gina cibiyar kirkire-kirkire ta kasa, masana'antu masu fasaha, karfafa tushe na masana'antu, masana'antar kore, da sabbin kayan aiki masu inganci, ta hanyar Jagorar gwamnati da hada albarkatun kasa, don cimma muhimman nasarorin da aka samu a fannin fasaha na bai daya, wadanda ke kawo cikas ga bunkasuwar masana'antu na dogon lokaci, da kuma kara karfin gasa ga masana'antun kasar Sin baki daya."Made in China 2025 Key Fields Technology Roadmap" (wanda ake magana da shi "Taswirar Fasaha") ya tsara abubuwan da ake bukata don kayan aikin jigilar dogo.Nan da shekarar 2020, iyawar bincike da haɓakawa da manyan samfuran na'urorin jigilar dogo za su kai matakin ci gaba a duniya, tare da yawan tallace-tallacen masana'antu ya zarce yuan biliyan 650, kasuwancin ketare ya kai sama da 30%, kuma masana'antar sabis za ta kai sama da 15%.Manyan kayayyaki za su shiga kasuwannin kasashen da suka ci gaba a Turai da Amurka;Nan da shekarar 2025, masana'antun kera kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa na kasar Sin za su samar da ingantaccen tsarin kirkire-kirkire mai dorewa, tare da aiwatar da fasahohin kere-kere a manyan fannoni.Babban samfuransa za su kai ga manyan matakan duniya, tare da lissafin kasuwancin ketare na 40% kuma masana'antar sabis suna lissafin sama da 20%.Za ta jagoranci bita kan ka'idojin kasa da kasa, da kafa tsarin masana'antar sufurin jiragen kasa na zamani a duniya, da kuma mamaye babban matakin sarkar masana'antar duniya.Bisa jagorancin ingantattun manufofi na kasa da kuma bukatuwar kasuwa mai karfi, masana'antar kera kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa na kasar Sin na shiga wani lokaci na saurin bunkasuwa.Ya zuwa shekarar 2020, yawan bukatar kasuwan da ake samu na tallace-tallace na masana'antar kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa da ya zarce yuan biliyan 650, ya ba da kyakkyawan fata ga ci gaban dawwama da saurin ci gaban masana'antar kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa.A shekarar 2020, kudaden da aka samu na tallace-tallacen kayayyakin aikin layin dogo na kasar Sin da masana'antun masana'antu da yawa sun zarce yuan biliyan 350, kuma an kiyasta bukatar kasuwar sarkar kayayyakin sufurin jiragen kasa ta kai kusan yuan tiriliyan.
Hasashen sikelin tallace-tallace na hannun jarin titin dogo na kasar Sin da masana'antar kera sashe da yawa daga shekarar 2015 zuwa 2020 (Yuan miliyan 100)
③A matsayin muhimmiyar masana'antar ginshiƙai a fannin kayan aikin sufurin jiragen ƙasa a kasar Sin, rukunin layin dogo masu sauri da yawa da masana'antar kayayyakin jigilar kayayyaki na birane za su yi aiki da dabarun Belt da Road, tare da ba da cikakken haɗin kai na ci gaban tsarin masana'antu baki ɗaya. da haɓaka tasirin duniya.Kamar yadda muka sani, layin dogo mai sauri ya zama daya daga cikin katunan diflomasiyya na kasar Sin, kuma muhimmin jagoran kayayyakin jigilar jiragen kasa a masana'antar kera kayan aiki na kasar Sin.Yayin da gwamnatin kasar Sin ke ba da himma wajen tabbatar da aiwatar da dabarun shimfida hanyar shimfida hanya, yankin yana haskakawa zuwa kasashen dake tsakiyar Asiya da kudancin Asiya, da kudancin Asiya, da tsakiyar Asiya, da yammacin Asiya, har zuwa gabashin Turai, da arewacin Afirka, wadanda dukkansu sun yi tasiri. Bukatun gaggawa don gina ababen more rayuwa da haɗin kai.An kiyasta cewa jimillar yawan jama'ar da ke kan hanyar Belt da Road ya kai kimanin biliyan 4.4, wanda ya kai kashi 63% na yawan al'ummar duniya, kuma jimillar tattalin arzikinta ya kai dalar Amurka tiriliyan 21, wanda ya kai kashi 29% na jimillar tattalin arzikin duniya. .A matsayin dabarun kasa na kasar Sin, tsarin belt da Road yana da muhimmiyar ma'ana mai nisa ga ikon kasar Sin, da inganta sashen ma'aikata na kasa da kasa, da tabbatar da muryar kasar Sin a duniya.A matsayin muhimmiyar masana'antar ginshiƙai a fannin kayan aikin sufurin jiragen ƙasa a kasar Sin, rukunin layin dogo masu sauri da yawa da na'urorin jigilar dogo na birane za su zama majagaba na shirin Belt and Road Initiative tare da halaye na musamman na kare muhalli na kore da sufuri mai girma. , tuki da daidaitawa ci gaban da dukan masana'antu sarkar na upstream karfe, nonferrous karafa, dogo kayayyakin more rayuwa yi, goyon bayan kayan aiki yi, da kuma alaka na'urorin haɗi na tsakiyar da kuma kasa abin hawa kayan aiki, birane aiki, dabaru, fasinja da kuma sufurin kaya, Inganta da duniya tasiri na Masana'antar kera kayan aikin jigilar dogo ta kasar Sin.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-24-2023